If you’re not familiar with what XCP is, I covered it in a previous blog post, Migrating to ONTAP – Ludicrous speed! as well as in the XCP podcast. Basically, it’s a super-fast way to scan and migrate data.
One of the downsides of the tool was the fact that it only supported NFSv3 migrations, which also meant it couldn’t handle NTFS style ACLs. Doing that would require a SMB/CIFS supported version of XCP. Today, we get that with XCP SMB/CIFS 1.0:
XCP for SMB/CIFS supports the following:
“show” Displays information about the CIFS shares of a system “scan” Reads all files and directories found on a CIFS share and build assessment reports “copy” Recursively copies everything from source to destination “sync” Performs multiple incremental syncs from source to target “verify” Verifies that the target state matches the source, including attributes and NTFS ACLs “activate” Activates the XCP license on Windows hosts “help” Displays detailed information about XCP commands and options
Right now, it’s CLI only, but be on the lookout for a GUI version.
“Installing” XCP on Windows
XCP in Windows is a simple executable file that runs via the cmd or a PowerShell window. One of the pre-requisites for the software includes Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2017. If you don’t install this, trying to run the program will result in an error that calls out a specific DLL that isn’t registered.
When I copied the file to my Windows host, I created a new directory called “C:\XCP.” You can put that directory anywhere. To run the utility in CMD, you can either navigate to the directory and run “xcp” or add the directory to your system paths to run from anywhere.
For example:
Once that’s done, run XCP from any location:
Licensing XCP
XCP is a licensed feature. That doesn’t mean you have to pay for it; the license is only used for tracking purposes. But you do have to apply a license. In Windows, that’s pretty easy.
- Download a license from xcp.netapp.com
- Copy the license into the C:\NetApp\XCP folder
- Run “xcp activate”
XCP show
The command “xcp show \\server” can give some useful information for an ONTAP SMB/CIFS server, such as:
- Available shares
- Capacity (used and available)
- Current connections
- Folder path
- Share attributes and permissions
This output is a good way to get an overall look at what is available on a server.
XCP scan
XCP has a number of useful scanning features. These include:
PS C:\XCP> xcp help scan usage: xcp scan [-h] [-v] [-parallel <n>] [-match <filter>] [-preserve-atime] [-depth <n>] [-stats] [-l] [-ownership] [-du] [-fmt <expression>] source positional arguments: source optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit -v increase debug verbosity -parallel <n> number of concurrent processes (default: <cpu-count>) -match <filter> only process files and directories that match the filter (see `xcp help -match` for details) -preserve-atime restore last accessed date on source -depth <n> limit the search depth -stats print tree statistics report -l detailed file listing output -ownership retrieve ownership information -du summarize space usage of each directory including subdirectories -fmt <expression> format file listing according to the python expression (see `xcp help -fmt` for details)
I scanned my “shared” directory with the -stats option and it was able to scan over 60,000 files in 31 seconds and gave me the following stats:
== Maximum Values == Size Depth Namelen Dirsize 2.02KiB 5 15 100 == Average Values == Size Depth Namelen Dirsize 25.6 5 6 6 == Top File Extensions == .py 50003 1 == Number of files == empty <8KiB 8-64KiB 64KiB-1MiB 1-10MiB 10-100MiB >100MiB 3 50001 == Space used == empty <8KiB 8-64KiB 64KiB-1MiB 1-10MiB 10-100MiB >100MiB 0 1.22MiB 0 0 0 0 0 == Directory entries == empty 1-10 10-100 100-1K 1K-10K >10k 2 10004 101 == Depth == 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-100 >100 60111 == Modified == >1 year >1 month 1-31 days 1-24 hrs <1 hour <15 mins future 60111 == Created == >1 year >1 month 1-31 days 1-24 hrs <1 hour <15 mins future 60111 Total count: 60111 Directories: 10107 Regular files: 50004 Symbolic links: Junctions: Special files: Total space for regular files: 1.22MiB Total space for directories: 0 Total space used: 1.22MiB 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 31s
When I increased the parallel threads to 8, it finished in 18 seconds:
PS C:\XCP> xcp scan -stats -parallel 8 \\demo\shared Total count: 60111 Directories: 10107 Regular files: 50004 Symbolic links: Junctions: Special files: Total space for regular files: 1.22MiB Total space for directories: 0 Total space used: 1.22MiB 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 18s
XCP copy
With xcp copy, I can copy SMB/CIFS data with or without ACLs at a much faster rate than simple robocopy. Keep in mind that with this version of XCP, it doesn’t have BACKUP OPERATOR rights, so you’d need to run the utility as an admin user on both source and destination.
In the following example, I used robocopy to copy the same dataset as XCP to a NetApp FlexGroup volume.
Robocopy to FlexGroup results (~20-30 minutes)
Total Copied Skipped Mismatch FAILED Extras Dirs : 10107 10106 1 0 0 0 Files : 50004 50004 0 0 0 0 Bytes : 1.21m 1.21m 0 0 0 0 Times : 0:19:01 0:13:11 0:00:00 0:05:50 Speed : 1615 Bytes/sec. Speed : 0.092 MegaBytes/min.
UPDATE: Someone asked if the above robocopy run was done with the /MT flag, which would be a more fair apples to apples comparison, since XCP does multithreading. It wasn’t. The syntax used was:
PS C:\XCP> robocopy /S /COPYALL source destination
So, I re-ran it using MT:8 and with an empty FlexGroup after restoring the base snapshot and converting the security style to NTFS to ensure the ACLs come over as well. The multithreading of robocopy cut the time to completion roughly in half.
Robocopy /MT to FlexGroup results (~8-9 minutes)
PS C:\XCP> robocopy /S /COPYALL /MT:8 \\demo\shared \\demo\flexgroup\robocopyMT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROBOCOPY :: Robust File Copy for Windows ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Started : Tue Aug 22 20:32:54 2017 Source : \\demo\shared\ Dest : \\demo\flexgroup\robocopyMT\ Files : *.* Options : *.* /S /COPYALL /MT:8 /R:1000000 /W:30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total Copied Skipped Mismatch FAILED Extras Dirs : 10107 10106 1 0 0 0 Files : 50004 50004 0 0 0 0 Bytes : 1.21 m 1.21 m 0 0 0 0 Times : 0:35:21 0:06:23 0:00:00 0:01:59 Ended : Tue Aug 22 20:41:18 2017
Then I re-ran the XCP to FlexGroup by restoring the baseline snapshot and then making sure the security style of the volume was NTFS. (It was UNIX before, which would have affected ACLs and overall speed). But, the run still held within 4 minutes. So, we’re looking at 2x as fast as robocopy with a small 60k file and folder workload. In addition, the host I’m using is a Windows 7 client VM with a 1GB network connection and not a ton of power behind it. XCP works best with more robust hardware.
XCP to FlexGroup results – NTFS security style (~4 minutes!)
PS C:\XCP> xcp copy -parallel 8 \\demo\shared \\demo\flexgroup\XCP 1,436 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 0 copied, 0 (0/s), 5s 4,381 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 507 copied, 12.4KiB (2.48KiB/s), 10s 5,426 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 1,882 copied, 40.5KiB (5.64KiB/s), 15s 7,431 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 3,189 copied, 67.4KiB (5.37KiB/s), 20s 8,451 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 4,537 copied, 96.1KiB (5.75KiB/s), 25s 9,651 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 5,867 copied, 123KiB (5.31KiB/s), 30s 10,751 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 7,184 copied, 150KiB (5.58KiB/s), 35s 12,681 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 8,507 copied, 178KiB (5.44KiB/s), 40s 13,891 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 9,796 copied, 204KiB (5.26KiB/s), 45s 14,861 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 11,136 copied, 232KiB (5.70KiB/s), 50s 15,966 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 12,464 copied, 259KiB (5.43KiB/s), 55s 18,031 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 13,784 copied, 287KiB (5.52KiB/s), 1m0s 19,056 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 15,136 copied, 316KiB (5.80KiB/s), 1m5s 20,261 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 16,436 copied, 342KiB (5.21KiB/s), 1m10s 21,386 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 17,775 copied, 370KiB (5.65KiB/s), 1m15s 23,286 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 19,068 copied, 397KiB (5.36KiB/s), 1m20s 24,481 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 20,380 copied, 424KiB (5.44KiB/s), 1m25s 25,526 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 21,683 copied, 451KiB (5.35KiB/s), 1m30s 26,581 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 23,026 copied, 479KiB (5.62KiB/s), 1m35s 28,421 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 24,364 copied, 507KiB (5.63KiB/s), 1m40s 29,701 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 25,713 copied, 536KiB (5.70KiB/s), 1m45s 30,896 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 26,996 copied, 561KiB (5.15KiB/s), 1m50s 31,911 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 28,334 copied, 590KiB (5.63KiB/s), 1m55s 33,706 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 29,669 copied, 617KiB (5.52KiB/s), 2m0s 35,081 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 30,972 copied, 644KiB (5.44KiB/s), 2m5s 36,116 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 32,263 copied, 671KiB (5.30KiB/s), 2m10s 37,201 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 33,579 copied, 698KiB (5.48KiB/s), 2m15s 38,531 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 34,898 copied, 726KiB (5.65KiB/s), 2m20s 40,206 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 36,199 copied, 753KiB (5.36KiB/s), 2m25s 41,371 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 37,507 copied, 780KiB (5.39KiB/s), 2m30s 42,441 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 38,834 copied, 808KiB (5.63KiB/s), 2m35s 43,591 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 40,161 copied, 835KiB (5.47KiB/s), 2m40s 45,536 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 41,445 copied, 862KiB (5.31KiB/s), 2m45s 46,646 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 42,762 copied, 890KiB (5.56KiB/s), 2m50s 47,691 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 44,052 copied, 916KiB (5.30KiB/s), 2m55s 48,606 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 45,371 copied, 943KiB (5.45KiB/s), 3m0s 50,611 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 46,518 copied, 967KiB (4.84KiB/s), 3m5s 51,721 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 47,847 copied, 995KiB (5.54KiB/s), 3m10s 52,846 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 49,138 copied, 1022KiB (5.32KiB/s), 3m15s 53,876 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 50,448 copied, 1.02MiB (5.53KiB/s), 3m20s 55,871 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 51,757 copied, 1.05MiB (5.42KiB/s), 3m25s 57,011 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 53,080 copied, 1.08MiB (5.52KiB/s), 3m30s 58,101 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 54,384 copied, 1.10MiB (5.39KiB/s), 3m35s 59,156 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 55,714 copied, 1.13MiB (5.57KiB/s), 3m40s 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 57,049 copied, 1.16MiB (5.52KiB/s), 3m45s 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 58,483 copied, 1.19MiB (6.02KiB/s), 3m50s 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 59,907 copied, 1.22MiB (5.79KiB/s), 3m55s 60,111 scanned, 0 errors, 0 skipped, 60,110 copied, 1.22MiB (5.29KiB/s), 3m56s
XCP sync and verify
Sync and verify can be used during data migrations to ensure the source and target match up before cutting over. These use the same multi-processing capabilities as copy, so this should also be fast. Keep in mind that sync could also potentially be used to do incremental backups using XCP!
